The clinical analysis of three methods in the treatment of intracranial bacterial infection

Objective To analyze the effect of three therapeutic methods to find an optimal approach to the treatment of intracranial bacterial infection by retrospectively reviewing 33 intracranial bacterial infection patients who were admitted from 1995 to 2008 in oar hospital. Methods The treatments by intermittent lumbar puncture,continuous lumbar subarachnoid space drainage, and embedment of Ommaya cyst for continuous drainage from the ventricles were performed in 15 cases, 12 cases, and 6 cases respectively along with intravenous application of full dose of antibiotics. Results Nineteen cases were cured and the best prognosis was from the group of Ommaya cyst embedment and continuous drainage from the ventricles. Conclusion Management goals are prompt recognition of the central nervous system (CNS) infection, rapid identification of causative organisms and initiation of treatment with the optimal management methods for complications. Embedment of Ommaya cyst for continuous drainage from the ventricle is a safe and effective treatment for intracranial bacterial infection.     

On the application of hydraulic theory to the deep-water flow through the Irbe Strait

A flow-dependent critical-point method for investigating topographically controlled flow in natural channels is applied to the bottom current through the Irbe Strait connecting the Baltic proper and the Gulf of Riga. This approach is based on the functional formalism due to Gill [Gill, A.E., 1977. The hydraulics of rotating-channel flow. J. Fluid Mech., 80, 641–671.], and here is used for the stratified flow structure observed during the IRBEX-95 field campaign. A critical section of the realizable flow regime was found to be located slightly downstream of the most pronounced horizontal constriction of the channel. The predicted baroclinic volume flux 7200 m³ s⁻¹ overestimates the observed mean bottom-water transport by around 30%, a discrepancy which most likely can be explained by the lack of sea level conditions and friction in the model.     

基于OpenFOAM的发动机舱回流计算方法研究

研究车辆在怠速工况下的发动机舱热空气回流问题，基于OpenFOAM 软件进行回流计算方法的开发。通过设置监控面及组分转换面来重新定义格栅新空气和舱内回流热空气等组分，可直接计算出回流在监控面上的分布及回流率和回流量。根据开发的方法对某款插电式混合动力汽车（Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle，PHEV）车型进行计算并提出不同的优化方案，使其发动机舱回流率从32.7% 分别降低至24.0%和9.3%，回流量从0.169 kg/s分别降低至0.128 kg/s和0.048 kg/s，从而降低了冷凝器等散热器的进风温度，提高了怠速工况下热管理系统的性能。     

Flow-field guided steering control for rigid autonomous ground vehicles in low-speed manoeuvring

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the low-speed manoeuvring problem for autono-mous ground vehicles operating in complex static environments. Making use of the intrinsic property of a fluid to naturally find its way to an outflow destination, a novel guidance method is proposed. In this approach, a reference flow field is calculated numerically through Computational Fluid Dynamics, based on which both the reference path topology and the steering reference to achieve the path are derived in a single process. Steering control considers three constraints: obstacle and boundary avoidance, rigidity of the vehicle, plus the non-holonomic velocity constraints due to the steering system. The influences of the parameters used during the flow field simulation and the control algorithm are discussed through numerical cases. A divergency field is defined to evaluate the quality of the flow field in guiding the vehicle. This is used to identify any problematic branching features of the flow, and control is adapted in the neighbourhood of such branching features to resolve possible ambiguities in the control reference. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in finding smooth and feasible motion paths, even in complex environments.     

地下交通转换平台射流通风特性及风流组织方式研究

为探究地下交通转换平台内通风系统的合理布局，采用比尺模型试验和CFD模拟相结合的方法，研究射流风机和通风组织对地下交通转换平台内气流运动的影响。结果表明： 1）当联络通道内风机射流朝向敞开段时，为使风机升压系数Kj最大，630 mm、900 mm、1 120 mm射流风机的布设位置应距离敞开段分别大于40、50、65 m； 2）大口径射流风机具有更大的Kj，但占用的断面空间更大，且射流诱导段更长，应根据联络通道长度和高度合理选择射流风机口径； 3）地下交通转换平台的通风组织不宜采用同侧开启方式，采用对角抽吸方式时，联络通道内的污染物混入比最低、通风效率最高。     

Assessment of the volume of fluid method for free-surface wave flow

This study was concerned with the free-surface wave flow around a surface-piercing foil. The volume of fluid method implemented in a Navier–Stokes computational fluid dynamics code was employed. Three widely used discretization schemes for the volume of fluid method were assessed for a test case that involved general ship waves, spilling breaking waves in front of the leading edge, and bubbly free surfaces in separated regions. A single computational approach was selected for the comparison, and a grid-dependence study was carried out. The computational results were validated against existing experimental data, showing good agreement. The validation results suggest that all three discretization schemes perform well, but the best and most efficient results were obtained using the high-resolution interface capturing scheme.     

小型高速水洞收缩段的优化设计

简要介绍了小型高速水洞收缩段设计的原则,收集对比了几种典型的收缩曲线。利用商业化的计算流体动力学软件—Fluent,结合实例,采用二维轴对称模型对收缩段的长度进行了选择,对不同收缩曲线型面的流场品质进行了对比分析:优化的三次曲线(n=7、xm=0.4)或Batchelor-Shaw曲线的出口流场均匀性较好,移轴的Witozinsky曲线出口湍流度较小,五次方曲线进出口损失水头较小;采用三维对称模型简单模拟了矩形截面的情况,结果显示其出口截面上的流速和压力等值线近似呈圆形,沿轴向进口和出口附近壁面会出现流速的降低和过冲,角部附近速度分布严重不均匀。     

轮胎压路机驱动方式的对比分析

通过对现有市场上的轮胎压路机机械传动、液力传动、液压传动3种传动方式的对比分析，归纳出其优缺点，综合分析得出液压传动的轮胎压路机在性能、工作效率、维护保养、驾驶的舒适性方面有着较为明显的优势。     

渗透球壳流固耦合问题的位移及内力解

在弹性薄壳的线性(非线性)理论和流体力学基本方程的基础上,在小雷诺数的情况下应用相容欧拉-拉格朗日法建立了渗透球壳在流体中流固耦合的基本方程及关系式,并通过摄动法求解了渗透球壳在粘性流体中的流函数从而进一步解出其位移及内力解.通过具体算例,给出了壳的位移变形及内力图,并对有关参数进行讨论,绘出相关曲线.得出渗透系数k和流速越大的情况下,壳体位移也就越大,相应的内力也变大;球壳在三个角度处位移为零.文章能为过滤器问题提供指导.     

大侧斜螺旋桨桨叶应力分析

采用求解RANS方程的方法对某大侧斜螺旋桨敞水流场进行模拟,计算得到的推力系数与力矩系数与试验值有很好的一致性.在此基础上,将计算得到的桨叶水动力载荷、离心力载荷和重力载荷导入有限元模型,求解大侧斜螺旋桨桨叶应力场分布.根据应力场分布特点,可知:桨叶除叶根有应力集中区域外,0.5倍半径靠近随边处还存在应力集中区域;在0.5倍半径桨叶切面处,桨叶压力面应力从导边至随边递增,桨叶吸力面应力从导边至随边存在波动.